AI Robots and Dolls for Elderly Care. Exploring Emotional Language in Human-AI Interaction: Case Study of Hyodol in South Korea

Abstract

This study investigates the role of emotional language in elderly care through a qualitative case study of Hyodol, an AI-powered robotic doll developed in South Korea. Designed to resemble a grandchild, Hyodol elicits strong emotional responses from elderly users by evoking familial affection and nurturing instincts. Its childlike form invites tactile engagement, such as hugging and dressing, which fosters a caregiving relationship that enhances users’ emotional well-being. Through spontaneous and friendly conversations, Hyodol also provides a sense of companionship and social presence, helping to alleviate loneliness and improve users’ daily mood. Greeting users warmly upon their return home, for instance, has been reported to uplift spirits and create a sense of being needed and valued. The study focuses specifically on the role of emotional language in shaping these interactions. Drawing on interviews with seven elderly individuals who have lived with Hyodol for over five months, we analyze the emotional language expressed by the users themselves. The findings reveal that emotional communication – whether verbalized by the robot or projected by the users – plays a critical role in reducing depression, mitigating social isolation, and improving overall mental health and quality of life. This research underscores the value of integrating emotional language into AI-based eldercare and calls for interdisciplinary collaboration across linguistics, medicine, and technology to refine and personalize such systems. Enhancing the emotional and interactive capabilities of AI companions like Hyodol offers promising pathways to better support the psychological and social needs of aging populations.